The Uruguayan was banned for making a racist remark about teammate Son Heung-min.
Bentancur had denied the charge, but an independent regulatory commission found it to be proven and the FA imposed the suspension and a 100,000 pounds ($126,930) fine last month on the 27-year-old.
Spurs then appealed, arguing the sanction was too "severe".
"This appeal was dismissed following a hearing, and the seven-match suspension remains as ordered by the Regulatory Commission," the FA said in a statement.
Bentancur will miss the League Cup quarter-final against Manchester United on Thursday and a key Premier League game against Liverpool at home on Sunday.