That moved the 26-year-old up the leaderboard from tied-40th to tied-24th, and while Aberg is only six shots behind Sam Burns and Patrick Reed in joint-second, he is 12 shy of runaway leader and reigning champion, Rory McIlroy.
The Swede was more consistent on Friday after an opening round which saw him start brightly before collapsing. In round two, he bogeyed holes six and seven but responded with birdies on the eighth and ninth, on the way to a total of five birdies and three bogeys on a 70-shot round.
While many of the leaders are within range, Aberg would require a collapse from McIlroy and plenty to go his way between now and Sunday evening if he were to claim the green jacket, but he was at least a lot happier with his performance on day two.
"I definitely liked what I saw today. Hopefully we can come out tomorrow and put some pressure, close the gap a little on the leaders," he said, optimistic that he could do even better.
"There's definitely a low score out there. And if I had been really, really efficient, I probably would have gotten a few more shots out of it, I think."
Like all elite performers, the emphasis was on analysing where things could have gone better, as he talked the media through his bogeys.
"On the sixth I played the front edge a bit too much with a good shot and ended up in the bunker. On the seventh I should have taken some spin off the wedge; the ball spun off the green. 17 was a stupid three-putt," he explained, but believed he, "had more control over things than I did yesterday."
Noren sneaks through
Sweden's other representative at Augusta looked to have too much to do after an opening round of five-over par, but Alexander Noren has made the cut by a single stroke.
A round of 71, which featured three birdies and two bogeys, took Noren to four-over for the tournament and put him among eight golfers who sneaked through to day three by one shot in tied-47th place.
The world number 19 will begin his third round at 15:31 CEST, while Aberg will be back out on the course at 18:16 CEST.